Differential Diagnosis for Pediatric Patient with Raised Bumps, Burning, Itching, and Swelling on the Face

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Contact Dermatitis: This is a common condition in pediatric patients, often caused by an allergic reaction or irritant exposure to substances like soap, shampoo, or plants. The symptoms of raised bumps, burning, itching, and swelling, especially on the face, are consistent with contact dermatatitis. Heat to touch could indicate an inflammatory response.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): Characterized by itchy, inflamed skin, atopic dermatitis is a chronic condition that can present with raised bumps and swelling. It's common in pediatric patients and can be exacerbated by heat.
• Insect Bites or Stings: These can cause localized reactions that include itching, burning, swelling, and raised bumps. The presence of heat could indicate an inflammatory response to the bite or sting.
• Impetigo: A contagious skin infection that can cause red sores, bumps, and swelling, often accompanied by itching and burning sensations. It's common in children and can spread quickly.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Cellulitis: A bacterial skin infection that can cause redness, swelling, and warmth (heat to touch) of the skin. It requires prompt antibiotic treatment to prevent serious complications.
• Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infection: Can cause painful blisters or bumps, especially around the mouth or on the face. HSV infections can lead to serious complications if not treated properly.
• Allergic Reaction (Anaphylaxis): Although less common, an allergic reaction can cause widespread itching, burning, swelling, and potentially life-threatening anaphylaxis. Immediate medical attention is crucial.

Rare Diagnoses

• Kawasaki Disease: A rare condition that mainly affects children under the age of 5, characterized by fever, rash, swelling of the hands and feet, irritation and redness of the eyes, lips, throat, and tongue. The rash can sometimes present with raised bumps and the disease requires prompt treatment to prevent cardiac complications.
• Erythema Multiforme: A skin condition characterized by target lesions, which can sometimes appear as raised bumps. It's often triggered by infections or medications and can be accompanied by itching, burning, and swelling.