What is the procedure for cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: March 26, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the preferred procedure for gallbladder removal due to its decreased convalescent period and less pain compared to traditional open surgery. The decision to undergo cholecystectomy should be based on the patient's symptoms, medical history, and the surgeon's experience with the procedure 1.

Key Considerations

  • The surgery is typically recommended for patients with recurrent gallstone attacks, inflammation of the gallbladder, or complications like pancreatitis.
  • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has gained popularity among surgeons and patients due to its benefits, but it is essential to consider the surgeon's experience and training to minimize the risk of complications such as bile duct injury or bowel perforation 1.
  • After surgery, patients can usually recover quickly, with most returning to normal activities within 1-2 weeks.

Post-Surgery Care

  • Patients may need to limit fatty foods initially as the body adjusts to digesting fats without the gallbladder's bile storage.
  • Some patients may experience temporary diarrhea or digestive changes as the bile now flows directly from the liver to the small intestine, but these symptoms typically resolve within a few weeks as the body adapts.

Long-Term Quality of Life

  • The gallbladder is not essential for digestion or overall health, as the liver continues to produce bile needed for fat digestion, making long-term quality of life after removal generally excellent. It is crucial to weigh the benefits and risks of the procedure, considering the patient's individual circumstances and the surgeon's expertise, to ensure the best possible outcome in terms of morbidity, mortality, and quality of life 1.

From the Research

Procedure for Cholecystectomy

The procedure for cholecystectomy, or gallbladder removal, typically involves the following steps:

  • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the preferred treatment for symptomatic gallstones 2, 3, 4
  • The surgery is usually performed within 24 hours of admission for patients with uncomplicated cholecystitis 5
  • Patients with common bile duct stones may undergo a one-step procedure with simultaneous laparoscopic cholecystectomy and common bile duct stone removal 3
  • Gallbladder drainage may be used as an interval procedure before a delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with temporary contraindications to surgery and severe acute cholecystitis 3

Indications for Cholecystectomy

The indications for cholecystectomy include:

  • Symptomatic gallstones 2, 3, 5, 4
  • Uncomplicated cholecystitis 5
  • Common bile duct stones 3, 4
  • Gallbladder polyps larger than 1 cm 5

Contraindications for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

The contraindications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy include:

  • Generalized peritonitis 2
  • Septic shock from cholangitis 2
  • Severe acute pancreatitis 2
  • End-stage cirrhosis 2
  • Gallbladder cancer 2

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Gallstones and laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

NIH consensus statement, 1992

Research

National clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of symptomatic gallstone disease: 2021 recommendations from the Danish Surgical Society.

Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society, 2022

Research

Surgical treatment of gallstones.

Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 2010

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.