Osteosarcoma: This is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children, often presenting with pain and swelling in the affected limb. The X-ray findings of a permeative destructive lesion at the epiphyseal-metaphyseal junction, a wide zone of transition, and a sunburst periosteal reaction are classic for osteosarcoma.

Ewing's Sarcoma: Another malignant bone tumor that can present similarly to osteosarcoma, with pain, swelling, and similar radiographic findings, although it tends to have a more moth-eaten appearance and an onion-skin type of periosteal reaction.
Lymphoma of bone: Can cause destructive bone lesions and may mimic the presentation of osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma, though it is less common in this age group and location.

Infection (Osteomyelitis): Although the radiographic findings are not typical for osteomyelitis, it is a condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent serious complications. Chronic osteomyelitis could potentially present with some similar radiographic features, especially if there's a significant amount of bone destruction.
Leukemia: Can cause bone pain and radiographic abnormalities that might mimic those of a bone tumor. It's crucial to consider leukemia in the differential diagnosis due to its potential for rapid progression and the need for early treatment.

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH): Can cause bone lesions that might appear destructive on X-ray, but LCH tends to have a more variable presentation and is less likely to cause the specific combination of radiographic findings seen in this case.
Chondroblastoma: A rare, benign bone tumor that typically occurs in the epiphyses of long bones and could potentially cause some similar radiographic findings, though it is much less common than osteosarcoma and usually has a more characteristic appearance with matrix calcification.