Differential Diagnosis for Eyelid Swelling and Redness

• Single most likely diagnosis:
  • Orbital Cellulitis: This is the most likely diagnosis given the symptoms of swelling, pain, and redness of the eyelids, which are characteristic of an infection of the tissues surrounding the eye.
• Other Likely diagnoses:
  • Chalazion or Hordeolum (Stye): These are common conditions that can cause localized swelling and redness of the eyelid, often due to a blocked oil gland or infection.
  • Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids can cause redness, swelling, and discomfort, and is a common condition that may present similarly to orbital cellulitis.
• Do Not Miss diagnoses:
  • Orbital Cellulitis: Although listed as the most likely diagnosis, it's crucial to emphasize its inclusion here because missing this diagnosis can lead to serious complications, including vision loss and intracranial infection.
  • Basal Cell Carcinoma or Other Eyelid Tumors: While less likely, these conditions are critical not to miss due to their potential for malignancy and the importance of early treatment.
• Rare diagnoses:
  • Angioedema: A rare condition that can cause sudden, severe swelling of the eyelids, which can be life-threatening if it involves the airways.
  • Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (formerly known as Wegener's Granulomatosis): A rare autoimmune disorder that can affect various parts of the body, including the eyes, and cause symptoms similar to orbital cellulitis.
  • Sarcoidosis: A condition that can cause inflammation in various parts of the body, including the eyes, leading to symptoms that might mimic those of orbital cellulitis or other eyelid conditions.