Differential Diagnosis for PMS

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): This is the most likely diagnosis given the context of the question. PMS is a common condition characterized by physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that occur in a regular, predictable pattern, typically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): A more severe form of PMS, characterized by significant mood disturbances, such as depression, anxiety, and irritability, which can interfere with daily life.
• Anxiety or Depression: These conditions can present with similar symptoms to PMS, such as mood swings, irritability, and changes in appetite or sleep patterns, and may need to be considered if symptoms persist outside of the menstrual cycle.
• Thyroid Disorders: Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can cause mood changes, fatigue, and other symptoms that might be mistaken for PMS.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Pregnancy: Pregnancy can cause mood swings, breast tenderness, and other symptoms similar to PMS. Missing a pregnancy diagnosis could lead to delayed prenatal care.
• Endometriosis: While not typically presenting with the same cyclic pattern as PMS, endometriosis can cause pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, and other symptoms that might be confused with PMS, especially if symptoms are severe.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): PCOS can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, mood changes, and other symptoms that might overlap with PMS.

Rare Diagnoses

• Adrenal Disorders: Certain adrenal gland disorders, such as Cushing's syndrome or Addison's disease, can cause a variety of symptoms including mood changes, weight gain, and fatigue, which might be considered in the differential diagnosis of PMS, although they are much less common.
• Hormone-Sensitive Tumors: Rarely, hormone-producing tumors can cause symptoms that mimic PMS, such as mood swings and breast tenderness, due to the abnormal production of hormones.