Tension Headache or Earwax Impaction: These conditions are common and can cause both ear pain and headache, especially if the earwax impaction leads to referred pain or if the tension headache involves the neck and ear muscles.

Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses can cause pain that is referred to the ears and is often worse at night due to increased congestion when lying down.
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorder: TMJ disorders can cause ear pain and headaches, especially if the jaw is clenched or grind at night, exacerbating the condition.
Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media): An infection in the middle ear can cause ear pain and may be accompanied by headache, especially if there is significant inflammation or if the infection leads to a fever.

Meningitis: Although less common, meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that can cause headache and ear pain, among other symptoms like fever and stiff neck.
Temporal Arteritis (Giant Cell Arteritis): This condition involves inflammation of the blood vessels and can cause severe headaches and, less commonly, ear pain. It's crucial to diagnose early to prevent complications like vision loss.
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma: This is an eye emergency that can cause severe headache and may be accompanied by ear pain due to the intense pain and potential involvement of the trigeminal nerve.

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome Type 2: A rare condition caused by the varicella-zoster virus that can lead to ear pain and headache, along with other symptoms like facial weakness and vesicles in the ear.
Petrous Apicitis: A rare but serious infection of the petrous part of the temporal bone that can cause severe ear pain and headache, often accompanied by other neurological symptoms.
Eagle Syndrome: A condition where an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament causes ear pain and headache, often worsened by swallowing or turning the head.