Can zinc oxide be used to relieve itchiness in hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)?

Zinc Oxide for Itchiness in Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease

Zinc oxide is a reasonable option for managing itchiness in hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), with evidence suggesting it can provide symptomatic relief as part of supportive care. 1, 2

Mechanism and Efficacy

• Zinc oxide works as a protective barrier on the skin, soothing inflamed areas and potentially reducing itchiness in HFMD skin lesions 1, 3
• Zinc has immune-modulating properties that may help with symptom management, as it mediates the role of leukocytes and natural killer cells 1
• In a double-blinded randomized controlled trial comparing zinc oxide 20% to salicylic acid/lactic acid ointment for skin lesions, zinc oxide achieved 50% clearance compared to 42% with the alternative treatment 1

Application Guidelines

• Apply zinc oxide cream or ointment directly to affected areas on hands and feet where itchiness occurs 2
• For optimal results, use after gentle cleansing of the affected areas 1
• Application can be repeated as needed when itchiness returns 1
• Consider using zinc oxide in combination with moisturizing creams for enhanced skin protection 2

Role in Overall HFMD Management

• HFMD is typically self-limiting, with symptoms resolving within a week in most cases 4, 5
• Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment, focusing on symptom relief 2, 5
• Zinc oxide is part of a broader approach to manage skin manifestations in HFMD 1, 2
• The American Academy of Dermatology recommends intensive skin care with moisturizing creams for hand and foot lesions in HFMD 2

Special Considerations

• Avoid applying zinc oxide to open or weeping lesions 1
• For severe itchiness that doesn't respond to topical treatments, oral antihistamines may be considered as an adjunct therapy 2
• In cases with secondary bacterial infection of lesions, appropriate antibacterial treatment should be prioritized 2

Practical Tips

• Apply zinc oxide in a thin layer to avoid excessive buildup on the skin 1
• For nighttime relief, consider applying zinc oxide followed by loose cotton gloves to create an occlusive barrier that enhances effectiveness 1
• Continue use until skin lesions have healed completely 2

Limitations and Alternatives

• While zinc oxide may help with itchiness, it won't shorten the overall duration of HFMD 5
• For oral lesions, zinc oxide is not appropriate; consider oral analgesics and gentle oral hygiene instead 2
• For fever management, acetaminophen or NSAIDs are recommended rather than topical treatments 2