Hepatic Encephalopathy: This condition is a common cause of metabolic encephalopathy, particularly in patients with a history of liver disease. It occurs due to the accumulation of ammonia and other toxins in the blood, which are normally cleared by the liver.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) or Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS): Both conditions can lead to metabolic encephalopathy due to severe hyperglycemia and electrolyte imbalances.
Uremic Encephalopathy: This occurs in patients with severe kidney dysfunction, leading to the accumulation of urea and other toxins in the blood.
Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Although not strictly a metabolic cause, hypoxia or ischemia can lead to metabolic derangements in the brain, resulting in encephalopathy.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy: Caused by thiamine deficiency, this condition is potentially reversible with prompt treatment but can be fatal if missed.
Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: Sepsis can cause encephalopathy through various mechanisms, including cytokine release and direct infection of the brain.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES): Although often associated with hypertension, this condition can also be caused by other factors such as immunosuppression and can lead to severe neurological deficits if not recognized and treated.

Reye's Syndrome: A rare but serious condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain, often associated with the use of aspirin during viral infections.
Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies: A group of disorders affecting the mitochondria, which can lead to a variety of neurological symptoms, including encephalopathy.
Wilson's Disease: A genetic disorder leading to copper accumulation in the body, which can cause neurological symptoms, including encephalopathy, particularly in young adults.