Cerebral Edema: T2 weighted images are highly sensitive to changes in water content, making them ideal for detecting cerebral edema, which appears as a hyperintense (bright) signal due to increased water.

Stroke or Cerebral Infarction: T2 weighted images can show areas of infarction as hyperintense due to edema and tissue damage.
Multiple Sclerosis: This condition is characterized by demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system, which are often visible as hyperintense lesions on T2 weighted images due to inflammation and demyelination.
Brain Tumors: Many brain tumors, especially those with high water content or those causing surrounding edema, can be detected on T2 weighted images as they typically appear hyperintense.

Abscess or Empyema: Although less common, these conditions can have severe consequences if not promptly treated. They may appear as ring-enhancing lesions on T2 weighted images after contrast administration, with the abscess cavity often being hyperintense due to its fluid content.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: While more commonly diagnosed with CT scans, subarachnoid hemorrhage can sometimes be detected on T2 weighted MRI, especially in the subacute phase, as the blood products can alter the signal intensity.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A rare, degenerative, fatal brain disorder that can show characteristic high signal intensity in the caudate nucleus and putamen on T2 weighted images.
Neurocysticercosis: A parasitic infection of the central nervous system that can appear as single or multiple cystic lesions, often with a scolex visible within the cyst, which can be hyperintense on T2 weighted images.
Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like Episodes (MELAS): A rare mitochondrial disorder that can cause stroke-like episodes, which may appear as hyperintense lesions on T2 weighted MRI due to the metabolic disturbances and tissue injury.