How do I eradicate bedbugs?

Bedbug Eradication Strategies

The most effective way to eradicate bedbugs is through an integrated pest management approach that combines both non-chemical and chemical interventions, with professional exterminator consultation strongly recommended for complete eradication. 1

Identification and Monitoring

• Use strategically placed sticky traps to determine the extent and location of the infestation, which helps guide treatment strategies 2
• Look for bedbugs around beds and sleeping areas, as they are typically found in these locations due to their attraction to warmth and carbon dioxide 3
• Bedbugs are flat, obligate blood-feeding insects that typically feed just before dawn 3, 4

Non-Chemical Control Methods

• Remove clutter and thoroughly clean affected areas to eliminate hiding places for bedbugs 1
• Vacuum all potentially infested areas thoroughly, using HEPA filtration vacuums to prevent spreading the insects 1
• Launder all potentially contaminated bedding and clothing with hot water (at least 130°F) and detergent, then machine-dry on high heat or hang in direct sunlight 2
• Use mattress and box spring encasements specifically designed to trap bedbugs 1
• Apply heat treatment (sustained temperatures above 120°F) to infested items when possible, as high temperatures effectively kill bedbugs 3, 1
• Place bed bug traps/interceptors at the base of beds and furniture to monitor and prevent movement of the insects 1
• Seal cracks and crevices in walls, floors, and furniture where bedbugs can hide 1

Chemical Control Methods

• Pesticides should be used judiciously and ideally applied by a professional exterminator as part of the integrated pest management program 2, 1
• Common effective insecticides include synthetic pyrethroids, silicates, insect growth disruptors, and neonicotinoids 1
• Be aware that resistance to pyrethroid insecticides is increasingly common, making some chemical treatments less effective 5
• Apply insecticides as gels or powders that can be sealed in cracks or crevices, keeping them away from direct contact with people and pets 2
• For severe infestations, consider using a combination of different insecticide classes to overcome potential resistance 1, 5

Important Considerations and Cautions

• Multiple treatments may be necessary due to insecticide resistance and the ability of bedbugs to hide in difficult-to-reach places 1, 5
• Chemical treatments should only be undertaken by trained professionals who understand current literature on resistance patterns 1
• Use caution with insecticides to prevent overexposure and toxicity, especially in homes with young children 1
• Avoid using foggers or "bug bombs" as they may disperse bedbugs rather than kill them, potentially spreading the infestation 1
• Monitor for reinfestation using sticky traps even after treatment appears successful 2

When to Seek Professional Help

• Consider professional extermination services for moderate to severe infestations 1
• Professional exterminators with specific knowledge of bedbug biology and behavior are more likely to achieve successful long-term eradication 2
• Studies have shown that pest control performed by professional entomologists achieved more significant and prolonged reductions in insect populations compared to commercial companies or self-treatment 2