Sexual Intercourse in Women with PCOS
Yes, women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) can have sexual intercourse without restrictions. There are no medical contraindications to sexual activity for individuals with PCOS 1, 2.
Sexual Function in PCOS
- PCOS does not physically prevent sexual intercourse, though some women with PCOS may experience challenges related to sexual function 2, 3
- Research shows only moderate impairment in sexual function among women with PCOS, with the domains of orgasm/completion most commonly affected 3, 4
- A systematic review and meta-analysis found small but significant effects on sexual function subscales including arousal, lubrication, satisfaction, and orgasm in women with PCOS compared to women without PCOS 4
Factors That May Impact Sexual Experience
- Body image concerns related to PCOS symptoms (hirsutism, acne, weight gain) may affect feelings of sexual attractiveness and confidence 5, 4
- Hirsutism (excessive hair growth) shows significant correlation with feelings of inadequacy in social and sexual situations 2, 6
- Depression is a common comorbidity in PCOS that can negatively impact sexual function 2, 5
- Body mass index (BMI) may have a negative impact on sexual function, particularly in the domain of orgasm/completion 3, 6
Hormonal Considerations
- Interestingly, women with PCOS whose testosterone levels were higher than average demonstrated better sexual functioning compared to those with lower testosterone levels 3
- However, women with PCOS whose testosterone levels fall within the normal reproductive range may be at increased risk for sexual dysfunction 3
Management Approaches
- Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are often prescribed for PCOS management and may affect sexual function both positively (by improving symptoms) and potentially negatively (through hormonal effects) 7
- Screening for socio-sexual difficulties and emotional problems is recommended for comprehensive PCOS care 2
- Treatment of PCOS symptoms may improve sexual function and quality of life 7, 5
- Weight management through lifestyle modifications can improve both metabolic and reproductive aspects of PCOS, which may positively impact sexual function 8, 7
Fertility Considerations
- Women with PCOS should be informed that there is a small chance of spontaneous pregnancy and should use contraception if they wish to avoid pregnancy 8
- For those wishing to conceive, treatments are available to induce ovulation, including clomiphene citrate as first-line therapy 8, 7
- Low-dose gonadotropin therapy is recommended for women who don't respond to clomiphene 8, 7
In conclusion, PCOS does not prevent sexual intercourse, though it may impact sexual function and satisfaction in some women. Appropriate management of PCOS symptoms and addressing psychological aspects can help improve sexual quality of life.