From the Research
The most effective treatment for onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail) involves a combination of conservative and surgical approaches, with the choice of procedure depending on the severity and recurrence of the condition, as discussed in the most recent review of surgical strategies 1. The treatment for an ingrown toenail begins with soaking the affected foot in warm water with Epsom salt for 15-20 minutes, 3-4 times daily, to reduce inflammation and soften the skin. After soaking, gently lift the edge of the nail using a clean cotton swab or dental floss, placing a small piece of cotton under the nail to help it grow above the skin. Apply an antibiotic ointment like Neosporin and cover with a bandage. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen (200-400mg every 6-8 hours) or acetaminophen (500-1000mg every 6 hours) can help manage pain. Wear open-toed shoes or sandals to reduce pressure on the toe. If the ingrown toenail is severely infected (showing increased redness, swelling, pus, or spreading infection), see a healthcare provider promptly. They may prescribe oral antibiotics like cephalexin (500mg four times daily for 7-10 days) or perform a partial nail removal procedure, which has been shown to be effective in preventing recurrence 2.
Key Considerations
- Prevention involves cutting toenails straight across rather than curved, keeping feet clean and dry, and wearing properly fitting shoes.
- Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of the nail grows into the surrounding skin, causing inflammation and potentially infection if bacteria enter the wound.
- Surgical approaches, such as partial nail avulsion or complete nail excision with or without phenolization, are reserved for severe cases and can be effective in preventing recurrence 3.
- The choice of procedure depends on the severity and recurrence of the condition, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences.
Treatment Options
- Conservative treatments: soaking, lifting the edge of the nail, applying antibiotic ointment, and taking pain relievers.
- Surgical treatments: partial nail avulsion, complete nail excision, phenolization, and other procedures discussed in the review of surgical strategies 1.
- Prevention: proper nail care, footwear, and foot hygiene.
Important Notes
- The most recent review of surgical strategies for ingrown toenails provides a comprehensive overview of the available treatment options and their outcomes 1.
- The choice of procedure should be individualized based on the patient's specific condition and needs.
- Prevention and early treatment can help reduce the risk of complications and improve outcomes.