Differential Diagnosis for a 60 y.o. Female with Chronic Cough
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): This is a common condition that can cause chronic cough, especially worse in the morning and at night, due to stomach acid reflux into the esophagus, irritating the throat and airways.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Postnasal Drip: Also known as upper airway secretion syndrome, this condition can cause a chronic cough due to the dripping of mucus from the back of the nose down into the throat, often worse at night.
- Asthma: Although the patient has no history of respiratory conditions, asthma can develop at any age and may present with a chronic cough as the sole symptom, especially if it's cough-variant asthma.
- Chronic Bronchitis: Part of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis can cause a persistent cough, often worse in the morning, due to inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Lung Cancer: Although less likely, lung cancer can present with a chronic cough as an early symptom. Given the potential severity, it's crucial not to miss this diagnosis, especially in a patient of this age group.
- Pulmonary Embolism: While typically presenting with acute symptoms, some cases of pulmonary embolism can have a more chronic presentation, including a persistent cough. This is a life-threatening condition that must be considered.
- Tuberculosis (TB): TB can cause a chronic cough and is a critical diagnosis not to miss due to its infectious nature and the need for prompt treatment.
Rare Diagnoses
- Sarcoidosis: A condition characterized by the growth of granulomas (inflammatory cells) in various parts of the body, including the lungs, which can lead to a chronic cough.
- Eosinophilic Pneumonia: A rare condition where eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) accumulate in the lungs, potentially causing a chronic cough among other symptoms.
- Bronchiectasis: A condition where the airways of the lungs become abnormally widened, leading to a buildup of excess mucus that can cause a chronic cough.