From the Research
Naturally occurring steroids are organic compounds produced by living organisms, primarily in the adrenal glands, gonads, and placenta in humans and animals, and include hormones like cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones such as testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone. These steroids are synthesized from cholesterol through enzymatic pathways and play crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes, including immune response, inflammation control, water balance, and sexual development 1. The body's synthesis of these steroids from cholesterol is essential for normal bodily functions, and disruptions in steroid production can lead to various endocrine disorders requiring medical intervention 2. Some of the key naturally occurring steroids include:
- Cortisol, which regulates stress response and metabolism
- Aldosterone, which manages electrolyte balance
- Testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone, which control reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics
- Phytosterols, such as stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol, which are produced by plants and share a characteristic four-ring structure with other steroids 3. It is worth noting that while synthetic anabolic steroids are used for performance enhancement, naturally occurring steroids are essential for normal bodily functions, and their production is tightly regulated by various feedback mechanisms to ensure optimal levels are maintained 4. In the context of real-life clinical medicine, understanding the role of naturally occurring steroids is crucial for diagnosing and treating endocrine disorders, and for developing effective therapies to regulate steroid hormone production 5.