Differential Diagnosis for Swelling and Pain in the Right Middle Finger
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Trauma or Sprain: The most common cause of swelling and pain in a finger, especially if the patient has recently experienced an injury or strain. The good range of motion (ROM) suggests that the injury may not be severe.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Infection (e.g., Paronychia or Felon): Infections around the fingernail or in the fingertip pulp can cause swelling and pain. The presence of redness, warmth, or pus would support this diagnosis.
- Arthritis (e.g., Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis): Although less common in a single finger, arthritis can cause swelling and pain, especially if the patient has a history of the condition.
- Gout: A form of arthritis that can cause sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, and redness, often in a single joint or finger.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Compartment Syndrome: A serious condition that occurs when pressure within the muscle compartments increases, potentially leading to nerve and muscle damage. It is crucial to identify and treat promptly.
- Osteomyelitis: A bone infection that can cause pain, swelling, and redness. It is less common but can be serious if not treated properly.
- Septic Arthritis: A bacterial infection within a joint, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.
Rare Diagnoses
- Giant Cell Tumor of the Tendon Sheath: A rare, benign tumor that can cause swelling and pain in the finger.
- Sarcoidosis: A condition that can cause inflammation and swelling in various parts of the body, including the fingers, though it is rare.
- Vascular Malformations or Tumors: Abnormal formations of blood vessels that can cause swelling and pain, though these are uncommon in the fingers.