Differential Diagnosis for a Child with a Temperature of 101F
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Viral upper respiratory tract infection (e.g., common cold, flu): This is the most common cause of fever in children and is often accompanied by other symptoms such as cough, runny nose, and sore throat.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Bacterial pharyngitis (e.g., strep throat): This condition can cause fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes, and is more common in school-aged children.
- Otitis media (ear infection): This is a common cause of fever in young children, especially those under the age of 2, and is often accompanied by ear pain and pulling at the ears.
- Gastroenteritis (stomach flu): This can cause fever, vomiting, and diarrhea, and is often spread through contaminated food or water.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Meningitis: Although less common, meningitis is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Symptoms can include fever, headache, stiff neck, and vomiting.
- Sepsis: This is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's response to an infection becomes uncontrolled and causes widespread inflammation. Symptoms can include fever, tachycardia, and hypotension.
- Appendicitis: This is a surgical emergency that can cause fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting, and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Kawasaki disease: This is a rare condition that causes fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes, and can lead to serious cardiac complications if left untreated.
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: This is a chronic condition that can cause fever, joint pain, and swelling, and can be difficult to diagnose.
- Leukemia or lymphoma: These are rare but serious conditions that can cause fever, fatigue, and weight loss, and require prompt diagnosis and treatment.