Differential Diagnosis for Chronic Diarrhea in a 79-Year-Old Patient
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Ozempic (Semaglutide) side effect: The patient has been on Ozempic for many months, and chronic diarrhea is a known side effect of this medication. The temporal relationship between the medication use and the onset of diarrhea supports this diagnosis.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Although less likely given the patient's age and new onset of symptoms, IBS can occur at any age and should be considered, especially if other causes are ruled out.
- Bile Acid Diarrhea: This condition is more common in older adults and can be caused by various factors, including gastrointestinal surgery, bile acid malabsorption, or other medical conditions.
- Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO): This condition can cause chronic diarrhea and is more common in older adults, especially those with multiple medical comorbidities.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Colorectal Cancer: Although less likely without blood in the stool, colorectal cancer can still present with chronic diarrhea and should be ruled out, especially in an older adult.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis can present with chronic diarrhea and should be considered, even though they are less common in older adults without a prior history.
- Infectious Diarrhea: Certain infections, such as Clostridioides difficile (C. diff), can cause chronic diarrhea and are important to rule out, especially in patients with multiple medical comorbidities.
Rare Diagnoses
- VIPoma or other rare endocrine tumors: These tumors can cause chronic, watery diarrhea due to the secretion of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or other hormones.
- Lymphocytic or Collagenous Colitis: These are rare conditions that can cause chronic diarrhea, often with a more insidious onset.
- Short Bowel Syndrome: This condition can result from significant small bowel resection or disease, leading to chronic diarrhea due to malabsorption.