Differential Diagnosis for Testicular Mass Non-Vascular
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Epididymitis: This is often the most common cause of a testicular mass that is non-vascular, especially in the context of inflammation or infection. The epididymis, located at the back of the testicle, can become inflamed, leading to swelling and pain.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Hydrocele: A condition where fluid accumulates around a testicle, causing swelling. It's a common cause of a non-vascular testicular mass and can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary due to other conditions like injury or infection.
- Spermatocele: A cystic structure filled with sperm that arises from the head of the epididymis. It's usually benign and can present as a non-vascular mass.
- Varicocele: Although typically vascular, a varicocele (enlargement of the veins within the scrotum) can sometimes present as a non-vascular mass if the veins are not prominently dilated or if the diagnosis is made in a setting where the varicocele is not fully apparent.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Testicular Torsion: Although typically presents with acute pain and may have some vascular compromise, early stages or atypical presentations could mimic a non-vascular mass. It's an emergency that requires prompt surgical intervention.
- Testicular Cancer: While less common, testicular cancer can present as a painless testicular mass. Given its potential for serious outcomes if not treated early, it's crucial not to miss this diagnosis.
Rare Diagnoses
- Adrenal Rest Tumors: Rare, benign tumors that can occur in the testes, especially in individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. They can present as non-vascular masses.
- Cystic Dysplasia of the Testis: A rare congenital anomaly where the testis is replaced by multiple cysts, presenting as a non-vascular mass.
- Testicular Microlithiasis: While not typically presenting as a mass, in rare cases, it could be considered in the differential for a non-vascular testicular abnormality, especially if there are numerous, small calcifications that could be mistaken for a mass on imaging.