What drugs can affect ceruloplasmin (CP) test results?

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Last updated: March 27, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Several drugs can affect ceruloplasmin test results, potentially leading to misleading clinical interpretations, and it is crucial to consider the patient's complete medication history when evaluating results, especially in conditions like Wilson's disease or monitoring copper metabolism disorders. The most recent and highest quality study 1 highlights the importance of considering medication effects on ceruloplasmin levels. Key factors to consider include:

  • Oral contraceptives, estrogens, and hormone replacement therapy, which can increase ceruloplasmin levels by stimulating ceruloplasmin synthesis in the liver 1
  • Methotrexate, phenytoin, and other anticonvulsants, which may decrease ceruloplasmin levels through their effects on liver function 1
  • Certain antibiotics like gentamicin and tobramycin, which can also alter results 1
  • Anti-inflammatory medications including aspirin and ibuprofen, which may affect levels due to their impact on acute phase reactions 1
  • Penicillamine, used to treat Wilson's disease, which directly binds to copper and can lower ceruloplasmin measurements 1
  • Antacids containing zinc, which can interfere with copper metabolism and subsequently affect ceruloplasmin 1 When interpreting ceruloplasmin test results, it is essential to account for these medication effects to ensure accurate diagnosis and monitoring of conditions like Wilson's disease or copper metabolism disorders.

From the Research

Drugs Affecting Ceruloplasmin Test Results

  • Oral contraceptives have been shown to increase serum ceruloplasmin levels 2, 3
  • Penicillamine, a drug used to treat Wilson's disease, can decrease ceruloplasmin levels 4
  • Other drugs such as trientine and zinc may also affect ceruloplasmin levels, although the evidence is limited 5

Mechanism of Action

  • Estrogen-based oral contraceptives may increase ceruloplasmin levels by stimulating the production of ceruloplasmin in the liver 3
  • Penicillamine may decrease ceruloplasmin levels by binding to copper and reducing the amount of copper available for ceruloplasmin production 4

Clinical Implications

  • Changes in ceruloplasmin levels due to drug use may affect the diagnosis of Wilson's disease and other conditions 5, 6
  • Clinicians should be aware of the potential effects of drugs on ceruloplasmin levels when interpreting test results 2, 3

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Corneal copper deposition secondary to oral contraceptives.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2008

Research

Changes in serum ceruloplasmin levels with commonly used methods of contraception.

Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB, 2004

Research

Ceruloplasmin in Wilson's disease.

The Journal of clinical investigation, 1967

Research

Diagnosis of Wilson's disease: a comprehensive review.

Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences, 2008

Research

Biomarkers for diagnosis of Wilson's disease.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2019

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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