Is it safe to crush Xofluza (baloxavir marboxil) for patients with swallowing difficulties?

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Last updated: October 29, 2025View editorial policy

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Crushing Xofluza (Baloxavir Marboxil)

Xofluza (baloxavir marboxil) should not be crushed for patients with swallowing difficulties. Instead, use the FDA-approved oral suspension formulation that is specifically designed for patients who have difficulty swallowing tablets or require enteral administration.

FDA-Approved Administration Options

  • Xofluza is available in two dosage forms: tablets and oral suspension 1
  • The oral suspension formulation is specifically intended for "patients who are unable to or have difficulty swallowing tablets, or those who require enteral administration" 1
  • For patients with swallowing difficulties, healthcare providers should prescribe the oral suspension rather than attempting to crush tablets 1

Administration of Xofluza Oral Suspension

  • The oral suspension must be constituted by a healthcare provider with 20 mL of drinking water or sterile water 1
  • After constitution, the suspension contains 40 mg of baloxavir marboxil per 20 mL (2 mg/mL) 1
  • The suspension can be administered orally or through a feeding tube 1
  • For enteral administration, draw up suspension with an enteral syringe and flush with 1 mL of water before and after administration 1

Why Crushing Is Not Recommended

  • Crushing tablets can alter drug absorption, potentially resulting in overdose or underdosing 2
  • The FDA-approved labeling specifically provides an oral suspension alternative rather than recommending crushing 1
  • Xofluza tablets contain inactive ingredients including croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, sodium stearyl fumarate, talc, and titanium dioxide 1, which may affect bioavailability if crushed

Important Administration Considerations

  • Xofluza (in any form) should not be taken with dairy products, calcium-fortified beverages, laxatives, antacids, or oral supplements containing iron, zinc, selenium, calcium, or magnesium 1, 3
  • Coadministration with these products should be avoided as they can reduce the efficacy of the medication 1, 3
  • Xofluza should be taken as soon as possible after influenza symptom onset and within 48 hours for optimal effectiveness 1

Dosing Guidelines

  • For patients 12 years and older weighing less than 80 kg: 40 mg (20 mL of suspension) as a single dose 1
  • For patients 12 years and older weighing 80 kg or more: 80 mg (40 mL of suspension) as a single dose 1
  • For children 5 years and older weighing less than 20 kg: 2 mg/kg as a single dose 4

Clinical Considerations

  • Baloxavir marboxil is effective against both influenza A and B viruses 5, 6
  • The medication works through a novel mechanism of action by inhibiting cap-dependent endonuclease required for viral replication 5, 6
  • Common side effects include diarrhea, bronchitis, nausea, sinusitis, and headache 1

Remember that when patients have difficulty swallowing medications, it's important to use FDA-approved alternative formulations rather than modifying dosage forms in ways not supported by the manufacturer or regulatory guidance.

References

Research

Xofluza Now Indicated to Prevent Influenza.

The American journal of nursing, 2021

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

[Baloxavir marboxil: a potent cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor of influenza viruses].

Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia, 2019

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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