Differential Diagnosis for Vertigo Aural Left
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): This condition is characterized by brief, episodic vertigo triggered by specific head movements. It is the most common cause of vertigo and often involves the posterior semicircular canal of the inner ear. Given its prevalence and the description of vertigo aural left, BPPV is a strong candidate for the single most likely diagnosis.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Meniere's Disease: A disorder of the inner ear that affects balance and hearing, leading to episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and ear fullness. The symptoms can be unilateral, making it a plausible diagnosis for vertigo aural left.
- Vestibular Neuritis: An inflammation of the vestibular nerve, which can cause severe vertigo, often without hearing loss. It typically affects one ear and can be a common cause of vertigo.
- Labyrinthitis: An inner ear disorder characterized by inflammation of the part of the inner ear responsible for balance (labyrinth). It can cause vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus, usually in one ear.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Although less common, vertigo can be a symptom of a stroke or TIA, especially if accompanied by other neurological deficits. It is crucial to rule out these conditions due to their high morbidity and mortality.
- Acoustic Neuroma: A benign tumor on the nerve connecting the inner ear to the brain, which can cause vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Early diagnosis is essential for effective management.
Rare Diagnoses
- Multiple Sclerosis: An autoimmune disease that can affect the brain and spinal cord, leading to a wide range of symptoms, including vertigo. While not the first consideration for vertigo aural left, it should be kept in mind, especially if other neurological symptoms are present.
- Ototoxicity: Certain medications or substances can damage the inner ear, leading to vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. This diagnosis would be considered if the patient has a history of exposure to such substances.
- Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence: A rare condition where there is an abnormal opening in the bone overlying the superior semicircular canal, leading to vertigo and hearing symptoms. It is a rare cause of vertigo but should be considered in the differential diagnosis.