What are the patient's allergies?

From the Guidelines

The patient's allergies can be identified through a thorough medical history and physical examination, and potentially confirmed with diagnostic tests such as skin prick tests or blood tests for specific IgE antibodies, as recommended by the most recent guidelines from the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 1. To determine the patient's allergies, it is essential to consider the following steps:

• Take a detailed medical history to identify any previous allergic reactions or symptoms
• Perform a physical examination to look for any signs of allergic reactions
• Use diagnostic tests such as skin prick tests or blood tests for specific IgE antibodies to confirm the presence of an allergy
• Consider the patient's lifestyle and environmental factors that may contribute to their allergies Some common allergens that may cause reactions include:
• Foods such as peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, milk, eggs, wheat, and soy
• Insect stings or bites
• Pollen or other environmental allergens
• Certain medications or substances It is crucial to note that allergies can be life-threatening, and prompt treatment with epinephrine auto-injectors (EpiPen or Auvi-Q) is essential in cases of anaphylaxis, as emphasized in the 2020 practice parameter update 1. Additionally, patient education on avoidance and management of accidental ingestion of known allergens is vital, as highlighted in the 2005 practice parameter update 1. The economic burden of food allergies should also be considered, with estimated annual direct medical costs of $307 million and indirect costs of $203 million in the United States, as reported in the 2020 study 1. Overall, a comprehensive approach to identifying and managing the patient's allergies is necessary to prevent severe reactions and improve their quality of life.

From the FDA Drug Label

Emergency treatment of allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, which may result from allergic reactions to insect stings, biting insects, foods, drugs, sera, diagnostic testing substances and other allergens, as well as idiopathic anaphylaxis or exercise-induced anaphylaxis. The patient's allergies are not explicitly stated, but the drug is used to treat allergic reactions to:

• Insect stings
• Biting insects
• Foods
• Drugs
• Sera
• Diagnostic testing substances
• Other allergens 2

From the Research

Patient Allergies

• The provided studies do not directly mention the patient's specific allergies 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
• However, the studies discuss various types of allergies, such as food allergy 3, 4, 6, pollen-induced allergic symptoms 5, and anaphylaxis 4, 6.
• According to the studies, common allergens include:
  • Food: especially milk, egg, and peanuts 3, 4, 6
  • Pollen 5
  • Insect stings 4
  • Medications 4
• The studies also mention that some patients may have specific conditions, such as:
  • Pollen-related food allergy syndrome 3
  • Food-associated exercise-induced anaphylaxis 3
  • Resolving or mild milk or egg allergy 3

Allergy Management

• The studies discuss various approaches to managing allergies, including:
  • Avoiding allergen exposure 3, 7
  • Oral immunotherapy 3
  • Allergy prevention by early exposure 3
  • Use of epinephrine, antihistamines, and corticosteroids in anaphylaxis management 4, 6
  • Non-pharmacological interventions, such as nasal rinsing, acupuncture, and air filtering 5