Is the patient's irregular menstrual bleeding and lower extremity swelling related to her IUD or other underlying conditions?

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Differential Diagnosis

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Migraines: The patient reports a bandlike, throbbing headache that is exacerbated by stress and has been ongoing for 7 years. The lack of associated symptoms such as double vision and the fact that the pain is not affected by time also points towards migraines.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Tension headaches: The patient's description of a bandlike headache could also be consistent with tension headaches, especially given the stress exacerbation.
    • Sinus headaches: Although the patient does not report any associated sinus symptoms, sinus headaches can sometimes present with similar characteristics.
    • Hormonal headaches: The patient's report of having two menses this month and wondering if it's related to her IUD could suggest hormonal fluctuations, which can lead to headaches.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Although the patient's headache characteristics do not strongly suggest a "thunderclap" headache, it's essential to consider this diagnosis due to its high mortality rate.
    • Temporal arteritis: The patient's age and lack of other symptoms make this less likely, but it's crucial to consider due to the potential for vision loss.
    • Pseudotumor cerebri: The patient's report of bilateral swelling and ongoing lower extremity symptoms could be unrelated, but pseudotumor cerebri can cause headaches and vision changes.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Occipital neuralgia: The patient's description of a bandlike headache could be consistent with occipital neuralgia, although this is a less common condition.
    • Trigeminal neuralgia: Although the patient denies double vision, trigeminal neuralgia can cause severe, throbbing headaches, usually with other facial symptoms.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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