Post-renal acute kidney injury due to ureteral obstruction: This is a common complication after TURP, especially if there was significant bleeding or if the patient has underlying prostate cancer that could cause ureteral obstruction. The obstruction could be due to blood clots, tumor fragments, or edema.

Sepsis: Infection is a known complication of TURP, and if left untreated, can lead to sepsis and subsequent acute kidney injury.
Medication-induced nephrotoxicity: Certain medications used in the treatment of prostate cancer or as part of the post-operative care, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), could cause nephrotoxicity leading to AKI.
Contrast-induced nephropathy: If the patient underwent imaging studies with contrast agents as part of the follow-up or to investigate complications, this could be a cause of AKI.

Tumor lysis syndrome: Although less common, if the prostate cancer is aggressive and responsive to treatment, tumor lysis syndrome could occur, leading to AKI. This condition is life-threatening and requires immediate intervention.
Sepsis due to urinary tract infection: Given the recent urological procedure, the patient is at increased risk for urinary tract infections, which can quickly progress to sepsis if not promptly treated.

Rhabdomyolysis: This could occur if the patient experienced significant muscle injury during or after the surgery, leading to the release of myoglobin, which is toxic to the kidneys.
Interstitial nephritis: An allergic reaction to medications used post-operatively could cause interstitial nephritis, a form of kidney inflammation that leads to AKI.
Vascular complications: Rarely, vascular complications such as renal vein thrombosis could occur, especially in patients with hypercoagulable states or severe dehydration.