Differential Diagnosis for 20 year old male with left testicular pain and extended veins
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Varicocele: This condition is characterized by the enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, similar to varicose veins in the legs. It is a common cause of testicular pain and swelling, especially on the left side, and can cause the veins to become extended or prominent.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Epididymitis: Inflammation of the epididymis, a tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm, can cause testicular pain and swelling. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as redness, warmth, and swelling of the scrotum.
- Testicular torsion (early stages): Although testicular torsion is more commonly associated with sudden, severe pain, early stages might present with less intense pain and could potentially be considered in the differential diagnosis for testicular pain.
- Hydrocele: A hydrocele is an accumulation of serous fluid in a body cavity, particularly in the tunica vaginalis testis or along the spermatic cord. This condition can cause swelling of the scrotum and might be associated with discomfort or pain.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Testicular torsion: This is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. If the spermatic cord becomes twisted, it can cut off the blood supply to the testicle, leading to tissue death within hours. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to save the affected testicle.
- Testicular cancer: Although less common, testicular cancer can present with a painless testicular mass or, in some cases, with pain. Given the potential severity of this diagnosis, it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis for testicular symptoms.
- Rare diagnoses
- Spermatocele: A spermatocele is a cystic structure that forms at the head of the epididymis and contains sperm. It can cause a painless mass but might occasionally be associated with discomfort or pain.
- Cystic dysplasia of the testis: This rare congenital anomaly can cause testicular enlargement and might be associated with pain or discomfort.
- Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) affecting the testicles: PAN is a systemic vasculitis that can affect various organs, including the testicles, leading to pain and other symptoms. However, this would be an extremely rare cause of testicular pain.