Differential Diagnosis for Elbow Pain Radiating to Forearm
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow): This condition is characterized by pain on the outer part of the elbow, which radiates down the forearm. It is often associated with repetitive motions, such as those involved in construction work. The patient's occupation and the nature of the pain suggest this diagnosis.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer's Elbow): Similar to lateral epicondylitis but involves pain on the inner part of the elbow. Although less likely given the description of pain radiating down the forearm from the elbow, it is still a consideration.
- Radial Tunnel Syndrome: This condition involves compression of the radial nerve and can cause pain in the back of the hand and the thumb side of the hand and forearm. It might be considered if the pain pattern is more complex.
- Elbow Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae in the elbow can cause pain and swelling. The presence of erythema around the affected area might suggest an inflammatory process, but the absence of significant swelling or deformity makes this less likely.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Infectious Arthritis: Although less likely, an infectious cause of elbow pain, such as septic arthritis, could be deadly if missed. The presence of erythema and worsening pain despite over-the-counter pain management could suggest an infectious process.
- Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow can cause pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and forearm. Missing this diagnosis could lead to long-term nerve damage.
- Fracture or Dislocation: Although the history does not suggest a traumatic event, it is crucial to rule out a fracture or dislocation, especially if the patient's condition worsens or if there are signs of instability or deformity.
Rare Diagnoses
- Tumors (Bone or Soft Tissue): Rarely, elbow pain can be caused by tumors. A persistent or worsening condition despite appropriate treatment might warrant further investigation for such rare causes.
- Osteonecrosis of the Elbow: A rare condition where the bone tissue dies due to lack of blood supply. It could be considered in the case of persistent, unexplained pain.
- Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): A condition characterized by intense burning or aching pain in the affected limb. It is rare and would be considered if other diagnoses are ruled out and the pain is disproportionate to the injury.