Differential Diagnosis for Elbow Pain Radiating to Forearm
- Single most likely diagnosis:
- Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow): This condition is common among individuals who perform repetitive motions involving the wrist and forearm, such as construction workers. The patient's occupation and the nature of the pain (severe elbow pain radiating into the forearm) support this diagnosis.
- Other Likely diagnoses:
- Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer's Elbow): Similar to lateral epicondylitis, this condition affects the inner aspect of the elbow and can radiate pain to the forearm. It is also related to repetitive motion and strain, common in construction work.
- Radial Head Fracture: Given the patient's occupation, a fracture could be a possibility, especially if the patient has experienced a fall or direct trauma to the elbow.
- Elbow Strain or Sprain: Overuse or acute injury from lifting, bending, or other physical demands of construction work could lead to strains or sprains in the elbow area.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.):
- Compartment Syndrome: Although less common, compartment syndrome is a serious condition that can result from increased pressure within the compartments of the forearm. It requires immediate medical attention to prevent permanent damage.
- Infection (Osteomyelitis or Septic Arthritis): Infections in the bone or joint can present with severe pain and must be considered, especially if there are signs of systemic infection or a history of recent trauma.
- Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: This condition involves compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow, which can cause pain, numbness, and tingling in the forearm and hand. While not immediately life-threatening, it can lead to significant morbidity if not addressed.
- Rare diagnoses:
- Tumors (Bone or Soft Tissue): Although rare, tumors can cause elbow and forearm pain. A thorough examination and possibly imaging studies would be necessary to rule out such conditions.
- Peripheral Nerve Tumors: Tumors affecting the nerves of the forearm could cause pain and other neurological symptoms.
- Vascular Conditions (e.g., Thoracic Outlet Syndrome): Conditions affecting blood flow to the arm could potentially cause forearm pain, although these would be less common causes of the patient's symptoms.