From the Research
Androgens have been found to have detrimental effects on the kidneys, particularly in high doses or with prolonged use, as they can induce or aggravate acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and glomerular toxicity, as evidenced by a systematic review published in 2019 1. The renotrophic effects of androgens are complex and can have both positive and negative effects on the kidneys. However, the most recent and highest quality study, published in 2022, suggests that elevated levels of androgens, such as testosterone, may be associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in women, indicating a potential negative effect on kidney function 2. Some of the key effects of androgens on the kidneys include:
- Stimulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which can affect blood pressure regulation
- Enhancing renal tubular function, particularly in the proximal tubules, leading to increased reabsorption of sodium, phosphate, and other electrolytes
- Modulating renal erythropoietin production, contributing to red blood cell formation
- Inducing or aggravating acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and glomerular toxicity, particularly in high doses or with prolonged use It is essential to consider these effects when evaluating the potential risks and benefits of androgen therapy, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney disease or those at risk of developing kidney disease. The evidence suggests that androgens can have both positive and negative effects on the kidneys, and further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which androgens influence kidney function and to determine the potential risks and benefits of androgen therapy in different populations 3, 4, 5.