From the Guidelines
Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is the most common cause of chorioretinal scar in children.
Causes of Chorioretinal Scars
- Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is a leading cause of chorioretinal scars in children, as it is a common cause of uveitis in this population 1.
- Other causes of uveitis, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis, can also lead to chorioretinal scars, but toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is the most frequent specific cause 1.
- Ocular toxoplasmosis typically appears as white retinal lesions with little associated hemorrhage and can result in visual loss 1.
Diagnosis and Treatment
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of uveitis, including toxoplasma retinochoroiditis, are critical to preserving visual function 1.
- Children with suspected toxoplasma retinochoroiditis should undergo a neurologic examination, as isolated ocular toxoplasmosis is rare and often occurs in association with CNS infection 1.
From the Research
Causes of Chorioretinal Scars in Children
- Chorioretinal scars are a common eye finding in children, particularly in those with congenital infections 2, 3, 4
- The most common cause of chorioretinal scars in children is congenital toxoplasmosis, which can result in macular scars and visual impairment 2, 3
- Other causes of chorioretinal scars in children include:
- Chorioretinal scars can also be associated with other ocular findings, such as optic atrophy, cataracts, and retinal detachment 2, 5, 4, 6
Characteristics of Chorioretinal Scars
- Chorioretinal scars can be located in the macular region or periphery of the retina 2, 3
- Macular scars can result in visual impairment, ranging from mild to severe 2, 3
- Chorioretinal scars can be active or quiescent, and may recur over time 2, 3
- The presence of chorioretinal scars can be an indication of an underlying congenital infection, and further testing may be necessary to determine the cause 3, 5, 4, 6