EF in the Senior RITA Trial
I cannot find any information about a "Senior RITA trial" in the provided evidence, and therefore cannot specify what EF (Ejection Fraction) refers to in that particular study.
What EF Generally Means in Cardiovascular Research
EF (Ejection Fraction) is a measurement of cardiac systolic function, calculated as stroke volume divided by end-diastolic volume, expressed as a percentage. 1
Standard EF Definitions Across Cardiovascular Medicine
- Normal EF: 50-70% (midpoint 60%) 1
- Preserved EF (HFpEF): ≥50% (some guidelines use ≥40-50%) 1
- Reduced EF (HFrEF): Typically ≤40% 1
- Borderline/Mid-range EF: 41-49% 1
Clinical Categories by Severity
- Hyperdynamic: >70% 1
- Mild dysfunction: 40-49% (midpoint 45%) 1
- Moderate dysfunction: 30-39% (midpoint 35%) 1
- Severe dysfunction: <30% 1
Important Limitations of EF
EF has significant technical and physiological limitations that affect its interpretation. 2, 3
- EF is both preload- and afterload-dependent, changing substantially with loading conditions 2
- Reproducibility is only moderate 2, 3
- EF becomes less useful as a prognostic marker as it approaches normal values (>45%) 3
- The relationship between EF and outcomes is modified by factors including hypertension, diabetes, and renal function 2
Context for Clinical Trials
In post-myocardial infarction studies, EF ≤40% is commonly used as an inclusion criterion for identifying patients with left ventricular dysfunction who may benefit from specific therapies 4
If you can provide more specific information about the Senior RITA trial (full name, year, or primary outcome), I could offer more targeted information about how EF was defined or used in that specific study.