What is Ramsay Hunt syndrome (Ramsay Hunt syndrome, also known as Herpes Zoster Oticus)?

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Last updated: March 28, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, characterized by severe otalgia, facial paralysis or paresis, loss of taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and decreased lacrimation on the involved side, and should be managed with prompt systemic antiviral therapy and systemic steroids. The syndrome typically presents with vesicles on the external ear canal and posterior surface of the auricle, in addition to the aforementioned symptoms 1. Key aspects of the condition include:

  • Severe otalgia
  • Facial paralysis or paresis
  • Loss of taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue
  • Decreased lacrimation on the involved side
  • Vesicles on the external ear canal and posterior surface of the auricle Management of Ramsay Hunt syndrome involves:
  • Prompt systemic antiviral therapy
  • Systemic steroids
  • Pain management with analgesics It is essential to start treatment as soon as possible, ideally within 72 hours of symptom onset, to improve outcomes 1. Recovery time varies from weeks to months, with some patients experiencing permanent facial weakness or hearing issues, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and proper management.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

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This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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