Does pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) cause gout flare-ups?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: November 6, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

PERT Does Not Cause Gout Flare-Ups

Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) is not associated with causing gout flare-ups. There is no evidence in the medical literature linking PERT to gout exacerbations or hyperuricemia.

Why This Question Arises

This question likely stems from confusion between two entirely different therapeutic contexts:

  • PERT is used for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (primarily in cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis) to aid digestion by replacing deficient pancreatic enzymes 1, 2
  • Gout management involves urate-lowering therapy (ULT) such as allopurinol or febuxostat, which can paradoxically trigger flares when initiated 3, 4

What Actually Causes Gout Flares

Initiation of Urate-Lowering Therapy

  • Starting ULT (not PERT) frequently causes gout flares in the first 6 months due to mobilization of urate crystals from tissue deposits 4
  • This occurs because rapid lowering of serum urate levels leads to crystal shedding from tophi, triggering acute inflammatory responses 4
  • The rate of acute gout flares approximately doubles when anti-inflammatory prophylaxis is discontinued after 8 weeks of ULT 3, 4

Prevention Strategy for ULT-Related Flares

  • Prophylaxis with low-dose colchicine or NSAIDs should always be provided when initiating ULT to prevent acute flares, continued for more than 8 weeks 3, 5
  • High-quality evidence supports that prophylactic therapy significantly reduces the risk of gout attacks when starting urate-lowering therapy 4

PERT Safety Profile

The adverse events associated with PERT are primarily gastrointestinal:

  • Meta-analysis of PERT trials showed no significant increase in adverse events compared to placebo 2
  • Common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms, but gout or hyperuricemia are not reported complications 1, 2

Clinical Pitfall to Avoid

Do not confuse PERT with ULT. If a patient with both pancreatic insufficiency and gout experiences flares after starting new medication, investigate whether they recently initiated allopurinol, febuxostat, or other urate-lowering agents—not their pancreatic enzymes 5, 3.

References

Research

Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy for people with cystic fibrosis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020

Guideline

Management of Recurrent Gouty Arthritis Attacks

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Rapid Lowering of Urate Levels and Gout Flares

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.