Platelet Storage Duration at Room Temperature
Platelets can be stored at room temperature (20°C to 24°C) for up to 5 days from collection to transfusion. 1
Standard Storage Parameters
The established storage conditions for platelets include:
- Temperature range: 20°C to 24°C (room temperature) 1
- Maximum duration: 5 days from collection to transfusion 1
- Required conditions: Continuous gentle horizontal agitation in specialized storage bags designed to permit oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange 1
- Plasma volume: Approximately 50 mL of plasma per unit to maintain platelet viability 1
Rationale for 5-Day Limit
While platelets can technically maintain satisfactory viability for up to 7 days under optimal storage conditions, the storage period is limited to 5 days due to the risk of bacterial contamination. 1 Several instances of bacterial contamination in platelets stored for longer periods have been reported, making this a critical safety consideration that prioritizes patient morbidity and mortality. 1
Extended Storage Options
In some jurisdictions, storage can be extended to 7 days under specific circumstances:
- Pathogen reduction technologies: UV irradiation with photosensitizers or riboflavin can permit 7-day storage 1
- Bacterial detection testing: Approved bacterial detection tests may allow extension to 7 days 1
- Regulatory approval required: These extensions require specific approval from regulatory authorities 1
Critical Safety Consideration
Transfusion-associated bacteremia is a potentially fatal complication that should be suspected if patients develop severe febrile reactions during or shortly after platelet transfusion. 1 The 5-day limit directly addresses this mortality risk, making it a non-negotiable standard in most clinical settings.
Product-Specific Variations
Both pooled platelet concentrates from whole blood and single-donor apheresis platelets follow the same 5-day storage limit at room temperature. 1 If buffy coat preparations are performed in open systems (bags entered during pooling), they must be used within 6 hours; storage can extend to 5 days only if performed in closed systems. 1