From the Guidelines

Diagnosis and treatment of a central retinal tear is crucial to prevent retinal detachment and vision loss.

A central retinal tear is typically diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination, including a dilated fundus examination and ultrasonography if necessary 1.
Symptoms of a central retinal tear may include flashes and floaters, and patients should be educated on the importance of reporting these symptoms promptly to improve treatment outcomes 1.

The goal of treatment for a central retinal tear is to create a firm chorioretinal adhesion around the tear using cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation surgery to prevent progression to retinal detachment 1.
Laser photocoagulation is a common treatment option, which involves applying laser burns around the retinal tear to create a scar and prevent further fluid leakage 1.
Cryotherapy may also be used, particularly for tears that are not accessible with laser treatment, and involves applying extreme cold to the affected area to create a scar 1.
In some cases, pneumatic vitreolysis or pars plana vitrectomy may be necessary to treat a central retinal tear, particularly if it has progressed to retinal detachment 1.
Prompt treatment is essential to prevent vision loss and improve treatment outcomes, and patients with symptoms of a central retinal tear should be examined and treated urgently by an experienced ophthalmologist 1.

From the Research

The diagnosis of a central retinal tear is typically made through a combination of clinical examination and imaging studies, such as fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) 2.
In some cases, fluorescein angiography may also be used to help diagnose a central retinal tear 2.
It is important to note that a central retinal tear can be associated with other conditions, such as central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) 3, 4, 2, 5.

The treatment of a central retinal tear depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the tear 4.
In some cases, treatment may involve observation and monitoring, while in other cases, surgical intervention may be necessary 4.
Scleral thinning surgery has been reported as a treatment option for bullous retinal detachment with retinal pigment epithelial tear in central serous chorioretinopathy 4.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections are other treatment options that may be considered in certain cases 3, 2.
However, it is worth noting that the optimal treatment for a central retinal tear is still uncertain and may depend on the individual patient's condition 4.

A central retinal tear can lead to complications such as retinal detachment and vision loss 3, 4, 2.
The prognosis for a central retinal tear depends on the severity of the tear and the underlying cause, as well as the effectiveness of treatment 5.
In some cases, patients may experience spontaneous resolution of the tear and improvement in vision, while in other cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to prevent further complications 5.