From the Guidelines
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a structured, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy that helps people identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to their psychological distress, with strong scientific support for treating many conditions including depression, anxiety disorders, PTSD, OCD, substance abuse, and eating disorders, as evidenced by recent studies 1.
Key Components of CBT
- Focuses on the connection between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
- Teaches patients practical strategies to recognize distorted thinking and develop healthier coping mechanisms
- Typically lasts 12-20 weekly sessions, though this varies based on individual needs
- Can be administered as individual or group therapy, with individual therapy prioritized due to its superiority in terms of clinical and health-related economic effectiveness 1
Mechanism of Action
- Helps people understand how their interpretation of situations affects their emotional responses and behaviors
- Allows patients to break negative cycles and develop more balanced perspectives
- Provides long-lasting tools that patients can continue using after therapy ends
Applications of CBT
- Effective in treating social anxiety disorder, with a suggested administration of CBT developed specifically for this condition 1
- Can be used in conjunction with pharmacotherapy or as a mono-therapy for social anxiety disorder in adults
- Has been successfully used in various populations, including patients with digestive disorders, cancer, and other chronic illnesses 1
From the Research
Definition of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve mental health outcomes.
Key Components of CBT
- Identifying and challenging negative thoughts and beliefs
- Learning new skills and behaviors to manage symptoms
- Practicing relaxation techniques and stress management
- Improving problem-solving and communication skills
Effectiveness of CBT
Studies have shown that CBT is an effective treatment for a range of mental health conditions, including:
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 2, 3, 4, 5
- Depression 6
- Anxiety disorders 6, 5
- Borderline personality disorder 2
Delivery of CBT
CBT can be delivered in various formats, including:
- Face-to-face therapy sessions 2, 6, 4
- Internet-based cognitive and behavioral therapies (I-C/BT) 5
- Group therapy sessions
Benefits of CBT
- Improved symptoms and functioning
- Increased self-esteem and confidence
- Better coping skills and stress management
- Enhanced quality of life
Comparison with Other Therapies
Studies have compared CBT with other therapies, such as: