What is the most likely complication of a Lynch-Howarth procedure for massive periorbital cellulitis: a) diplopia, b) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, or c) lacrimal sac injury?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: March 30, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Research

The most likely complication of a Lynch-Howarth procedure for massive periorbital cellulitis is diplopia (double vision). This occurs because the procedure involves surgical drainage of an orbital abscess through an incision in the medial orbital wall. During this operation, manipulation of the extraocular muscles, particularly the medial rectus muscle, can cause temporary or permanent misalignment of the eyes. The medial rectus is especially vulnerable due to its proximity to the surgical approach. Postoperative edema, scarring, or direct trauma to the muscle or its nerve supply can disrupt normal eye movement coordination. Patients may experience diplopia immediately after surgery or develop it during the healing process. While diplopia is often temporary and resolves with time as inflammation subsides, in some cases it may persist and require further intervention such as prism glasses or strabismus surgery. Other potential complications include CSF leak and lacrimal sac injury, but diplopia remains the most common significant complication of this orbital approach.

Key Points to Consider

  • The Lynch-Howarth procedure is a surgical approach used to drain orbital abscesses, which can lead to complications such as diplopia, CSF leak, and lacrimal sac injury.
  • Diplopia is the most common significant complication of this procedure, occurring due to manipulation of the extraocular muscles during surgery.
  • The medial rectus muscle is particularly vulnerable to injury during this procedure, leading to temporary or permanent misalignment of the eyes.
  • Postoperative edema, scarring, or direct trauma to the muscle or its nerve supply can also contribute to the development of diplopia.

Evidence-Based Recommendation

Based on the available evidence, including studies such as 1, which examined the long-term results of the Lynch-Howarth procedure in 60 patients, diplopia is the most likely complication of this procedure. While other complications such as CSF leak and lacrimal sac injury are possible, diplopia remains the most common significant complication of the Lynch-Howarth procedure. It is essential to carefully weigh the potential risks and benefits of this procedure and to discuss these with patients before surgery.

References

Research

Frontoethmoidectomy in the treatment of mucoceles. A neglected operation.

Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 1986

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.