From the Research
A swollen epididymis typically does not affect PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) test results. PSA is produced specifically by the prostate gland, not the epididymis, so inflammation or swelling of the epididymis (epididymitis) generally won't cause elevated PSA levels. However, if the inflammation extends to involve the prostate (prostatitis) or if there's manipulation of the prostate during examination of the epididymis, PSA levels might temporarily increase.
The provided evidence does not directly address the impact of a swollen epididymis on PSA test results, but it does discuss the diagnosis and management of epididymitis and other related conditions 1, 2, 3, 4. The most recent and highest quality study, which is from 2022, focuses on the diagnosis and management of uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis infections in adolescents and adults 4.
If you're experiencing epididymal swelling and need a PSA test, you can generally proceed with testing without concern about false elevations. It's worth noting that other factors can affect PSA results, including recent ejaculation, urinary tract infections, prostate procedures, or certain medications. If you're concerned about epididymal swelling, you should seek medical evaluation for the swelling itself, as it often indicates infection requiring antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin 500mg twice daily for 1-2 weeks, or doxycycline 100mg twice daily for similar duration, depending on the suspected cause.
Some key points to consider:
- The etiology of acute epididymitis can vary based on age and other factors 1, 2, 3.
- Treatment for epididymitis often involves antibiotics, with the specific choice depending on the suspected cause and patient factors 1, 3.
- Recent guidelines have reviewed evidence on the diagnosis and management of sexually transmitted infections, including Chlamydia trachomatis 4.
Overall, while a swollen epididymis may not directly affect PSA test results, it's essential to address the underlying cause of the swelling to prevent potential complications and ensure proper management.