What causes erythema of the glans penis?

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Differential Diagnosis for Erythematous Patch on the Glans Penis

  • Single Most Likely Diagnosis
    • Contact Dermatitis: This is a common condition that can occur due to irritation from soaps, condoms, or other products, leading to an erythematous patch on the glans penis. The glans penis is a sensitive area, and exposure to allergens or irritants can easily cause a reaction.
  • Other Likely Diagnoses
    • Balanitis: An inflammation of the glans penis, often caused by poor hygiene, infections (bacterial, fungal, or viral), or an allergic reaction. It presents with erythema, swelling, and sometimes discharge.
    • Psoriasis: A chronic skin condition that can affect any part of the body, including the genital area. It may appear as an erythematous patch with silvery scales on the glans penis.
    • Lichen Planus: An inflammatory condition that can affect the skin and mucous membranes, including the genital area. It may present with purplish, itchy, flat bumps on the glans penis.
  • Do Not Miss Diagnoses
    • Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Although rare, it is crucial not to miss this diagnosis. Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis can present with an erythematous patch or a lesion on the glans penis. Early detection is vital for effective treatment.
    • Syphilis (Secondary): Secondary syphilis can cause a variety of skin rashes, including on the genital area. It's essential to consider syphilis in the differential diagnosis due to its potential for serious complications if left untreated.
  • Rare Diagnoses
    • Zoon's Balanitis: A rare condition characterized by a chronic, painless, erythematous plaque on the glans penis, often associated with a history of poor hygiene and smoking.
    • Fixed Drug Eruption: A condition where certain medications cause a skin reaction, which can appear as an erythematous patch on the glans penis. This condition is rare but should be considered, especially if the patient has recently started new medications.
    • Erythroplasia of Queyrat: A rare, premalignant condition that presents as a red, velvety plaque on the glans penis. It is essential to diagnose and treat this condition to prevent progression to squamous cell carcinoma.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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