How do you make 8% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution?

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Last updated: November 16, 2025View editorial policy

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How to Prepare 8% Sodium Chloride Solution

To make 8% normal saline, dissolve 80 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water and bring the total volume to 1000 mL (1 liter). This creates a solution containing 80 grams of NaCl per 100 mL of final solution.

Calculation Method

  • For 1 liter (1000 mL): Add 80 grams of NaCl to approximately 900 mL of water, then add water to reach exactly 1000 mL total volume 1

  • For smaller volumes: Use the formula: grams of NaCl needed = (desired volume in mL × 8) ÷ 100

    • Example: For 500 mL of 8% saline = (500 × 8) ÷ 100 = 40 grams NaCl 1
  • For 100 mL: Dissolve 8 grams of NaCl in water to a final volume of 100 mL 1

Preparation Steps

  1. Measure the sodium chloride powder using a calibrated scale (80 grams for 1 liter) 1

  2. Add NaCl to approximately 80-90% of the final desired water volume first, then dissolve completely 1

  3. Bring to final volume by adding water until you reach the exact target volume (e.g., 1000 mL) 1

  4. Mix thoroughly until all crystals are completely dissolved 1

Important Considerations for Hydrated Compounds

  • If using hydrated sodium chloride (NaCl·xH₂O), you must account for the water molecules attached to the compound by using the formula weight listed on the bottle rather than the molecular weight of pure NaCl 1

  • The attached water molecules contribute to the solution volume and must be factored into your calculations to avoid diluting the final concentration 1

Clinical Context Warning

8% sodium chloride is a highly concentrated hypertonic solution that should never be used for routine fluid resuscitation. Standard clinical concentrations are 0.9% (normal saline), 3% (hypertonic saline for specific indications like increased intracranial pressure), or balanced crystalloid solutions 2, 3. Solutions above 3% concentration carry significant risks including hemolysis when administered peripherally 4. Any use of such concentrated solutions requires specific clinical indication, careful administration protocols, and appropriate monitoring.

References

Guideline

Fluid Management in Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Fluid Resuscitation with Balanced Crystalloids

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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