What is the best treatment for painful ulcers under the tongue in a child with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: November 17, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Treatment for Painful Tongue Ulcers in Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease

For your 7-year-old's painful tongue ulcers from HFMD, use topical anesthetic preparations (viscous lidocaine 2%) before meals combined with barrier agents and supportive care—this is a self-limited viral illness that typically resolves within 1-2 weeks with symptomatic management only. 1, 2, 3

Immediate Pain Management

The priority is controlling pain to allow your child to eat and drink:

  • Apply viscous lidocaine 2% directly to the ulcers 3-4 times daily, particularly 15-20 minutes before meals 1, 2
  • Note that FDA labeling for topical lidocaine indicates use for children under 12 years requires asking a doctor, so confirm with your pediatrician before use 4
  • Benzydamine hydrochloride oral rinse or spray can be used every 3 hours, especially before eating 1, 2
  • Oral acetaminophen for systemic pain control and fever management 5

Barrier Protection and Healing

Apply protective agents to shield the ulcers:

  • Use mucoprotectant mouthwashes like Gelclair three times daily to create a protective coating over the ulcers 1, 6
  • Barrier preparations (Gengigel mouth rinse/gel) can reduce pain and promote healing 2

Oral Hygiene Measures

Maintain oral cleanliness to prevent secondary infection:

  • Rinse with warm saline mouthwashes several times daily 1, 2
  • Use antiseptic oral rinses like 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate twice daily 1, 2
  • Ensure good oral hygiene despite discomfort 1

Supportive Care

HFMD is self-limited and requires only symptomatic treatment:

  • The oral ulcers and other lesions typically resolve within 2-3 weeks without complications 3
  • Most symptoms last less than 1 week 7
  • Encourage fluid intake to prevent dehydration, which is the main concern with painful oral ulcers 8
  • Offer cold, soft foods that are easier to tolerate 8

When to Escalate Care

While HFMD is typically benign, watch for warning signs:

  • If ulcers persist beyond 2 weeks or worsen despite treatment, seek specialist evaluation 1
  • Monitor for signs of dehydration (decreased urination, dry mouth, lethargy) 9
  • Be aware that HFMD can rarely be associated with neurological complications, though this is uncommon 9

Important Caveats

Topical steroids are NOT indicated for HFMD ulcers - the guidelines recommending topical corticosteroids apply to aphthous ulcers and other inflammatory conditions, not viral ulcers from HFMD 1, 2, 6. Using steroids on viral lesions could theoretically worsen the infection.

Your child remains contagious until the blisters have disappeared, and the virus may be present in feces for several weeks 8. However, exclusion from school is not practical given the prolonged viral shedding 8.

The ulcers under the tongue are often the last to heal and can be particularly painful because this area experiences constant movement and moisture 3. The fact that other mouth sores are improving is a good sign that the illness is following its natural course toward resolution.

References

Guideline

Management of Oral Ulcers

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Treatment of Aphthous Ulcers on the Tongue

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Research

Hand, foot, and mouth disease: a viral disease of importance to dentists.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939), 1975

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Treatment of Aphthous Ulcers

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Research

Hand, foot and mouth disease.

Australian family physician, 2003

Research

Current status of hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

Journal of biomedical science, 2023

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.