Differential Diagnosis
The patient's lipid profile shows elevated total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, along with low HDL cholesterol. Based on these results, the following differential diagnoses can be considered:
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia: This genetic disorder is characterized by very high levels of LDL cholesterol, which is consistent with the patient's LDL cholesterol level of 188 mg/dL. The high LDL/HDL ratio of 4.9 also supports this diagnosis.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Combined Hyperlipidemia: This condition is characterized by elevated levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides, which is consistent with the patient's lipid profile.
- Dysbetalipoproteinemia: This rare genetic disorder is characterized by elevated levels of VLDL and IDL cholesterol, which can lead to high levels of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol.
- Metabolic Syndrome: This condition is characterized by a cluster of symptoms, including high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and abnormal lipid profiles, which can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Do Not Miss
- Hypothyroidism: This condition can cause elevated levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and can have serious consequences if left untreated.
- Nephrotic Syndrome: This condition can cause elevated levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and can lead to serious complications such as kidney failure if left untreated.
- Liver Disease: Certain liver diseases, such as cirrhosis or liver cancer, can cause abnormal lipid profiles and can have serious consequences if left untreated.
- Rare diagnoses
- Lipoprotein Lipase Deficiency: This rare genetic disorder is characterized by very high levels of triglycerides, which can lead to pancreatitis and other serious complications.
- Apolipoprotein C-II Deficiency: This rare genetic disorder is characterized by very high levels of triglycerides, which can lead to pancreatitis and other serious complications.
- Tangier Disease: This rare genetic disorder is characterized by very low levels of HDL cholesterol, which can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.