What is the information about the oral contraceptive pill (OCP)?

From the Guidelines

The Opill is a highly effective form of contraception, with a perfect use effectiveness of about 99% and a typical use effectiveness of around 92%, as seen in similar progestin-only pills 1. When considering the use of the Opill, it's essential to understand how it works and its potential side effects. The Opill contains a progestin, which primarily works by thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching an egg and may also prevent ovulation in some users. Common side effects of progestin-only pills include irregular bleeding, headaches, nausea, and breast tenderness, as discussed in the context of contraception for adolescents 1.

Key Considerations for Use

• The Opill is suitable for individuals who cannot take estrogen-containing contraceatives, such as smokers over 35, those with certain cardiovascular risks, or breastfeeding women.
• It must be taken at the same time every day without breaks between packs for maximum effectiveness.
• If a pill is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered, and backup contraception should be used for the next 48 hours if vomiting occurs within two hours of taking the pill.
• The Opill does not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so condoms are recommended for STI prevention.

Effectiveness and Comparison

• The effectiveness of the Opill is comparable to other progestin-only contraceatives, with a high success rate when used perfectly 1.
• Typical use effectiveness may vary, emphasizing the importance of consistent and correct use.
• In comparison to other contraceptive methods, the Opill offers a convenient and relatively side effect-free option for many users, as outlined in the discussion on contraception for adolescents 1.

Important Reminders

• Regular follow-up visits with a healthcare provider can help address any adverse effects or adherence issues.
• Patients should be informed about potential drug interactions and the importance of avoiding them to maintain the effectiveness of the Opill.
• The Opill, like other contraceptive methods, has its own set of contraindications and precautions, which should be carefully considered before initiating use 1.

From the Research

Overview of Opill

• Opill, also known as norgestrel, is the first over-the-counter oral contraceptive pill approved in the United States 2, 3, 4.
• It is a progestin-only pill, containing 0.075 mg of norgestrel, and is indicated for daily oral use to prevent pregnancy 2, 4.
• The approval of Opill has the potential to improve access to effective contraception, especially for individuals who have poor access to healthcare or live in areas with restricted abortion options 2, 3, 4.

Efficacy and Safety

• The Pearl Index for Opill is estimated to be 4.4 (95% CI, 1.9-8.8), indicating its effectiveness in preventing pregnancy 4.
• Opill has an excellent safety profile, with current breast cancer as the only absolute contraindication and few relative contraindications 4.
• The safety and efficacy of Opill have been reviewed, and professional organizations have made recommendations for over-the-counter access to hormonal contraception 3.

Accessibility and Affordability

• The success of Opill in reducing unintended pregnancy rates will depend on its availability, particularly in rural communities, and affordability, especially for uninsured or underinsured individuals 4.
• The approval of Opill is a major advancement in the nation's contraceptive ecosystem, especially in abortion-restrictive settings 4.
• Opill may help address the issue of unintended pregnancies, which are greatest among women younger than 24 years, women of color, and those with incomes less than 200% of the federal poverty level 2.

Note: Studies 5 and 6 are not relevant to the topic of Opill.