Anatomical Term for the Heel
The heel is anatomically called the calcaneus, which is the largest tarsal bone in the foot. 1, 2
Anatomical Description
The calcaneus is the primary weight-bearing bone in the heel and serves as the foundation for the posterior foot structure. 1
The calcaneus is specifically described as the largest tarsal bone, designed to sustain high tensile, bending, and compressive forces during weight-bearing activities. 2
This bone has many surface contours and four articular surfaces that articulate with neighboring bones, making it a relatively complex structure to visualize in its entirety. 1, 2
Clinical Relevance
The calcaneus serves as the attachment site for the Achilles tendon at its posterior aspect (the Achilles tendon enthesis), which occurs in a relatively constant anatomical location. 1
Multiple stabilizing ligaments attach to specific locations on the calcaneus, including the calcaneofibular ligament laterally, which is commonly injured during ankle inversion injuries. 3, 4
The bone's prominent posterior superior aspect can develop a deformity known as Haglund's deformity, which causes posterior and lateral heel pain. 3, 4
Major neurovascular structures are located medially and are well protected by the medial soft tissues, while the lateral aspect has relatively sparse soft-tissue coverage with several palpable bony landmarks. 2