From the Research
Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) affects several interleukins, primarily by reducing pro-inflammatory interleukins IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-15, IL-17A, and IL-27. The effects of LDN on interleukins have been studied in various contexts, including fibromyalgia, where it has been shown to reduce plasma concentrations of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines 1. Some of the key interleukins affected by LDN include:
- IL-1β: a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the regulation of immune responses
- IL-6: a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation
- IL-10: an anti-inflammatory cytokine involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation
- IL-12: a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation
- IL-17A: a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation LDN, typically dosed at 1.5-4.5 mg taken once daily at bedtime, works through temporary blockade of opioid receptors, which leads to increased endorphin production and modulation of the immune system 2. This immune modulation occurs through LDN's effects on microglial cells in the central nervous system and immune cells throughout the body, and may help reduce inflammation in various conditions including autoimmune disorders, chronic pain syndromes, and inflammatory conditions 3, 4. The medication typically requires 2-3 months of consistent use before full benefits are observed, and side effects are generally mild, including vivid dreams, sleep disturbances, and headaches that often resolve within the first few weeks of treatment. Recent studies have also explored the potential benefits of LDN in improving mood disorders and enhancing quality of life, although the exact mechanisms underlying these effects are not yet fully understood 5.