What is the cause of a red, scaly, itchy nipple, also known as eczematous (atopic dermatitis) nipple?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 1, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Red Scaly Itchy Nipple

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Eczema (atopic dermatitis or contact dermatitis): This is the most common cause of a red, scaly, itchy nipple. Eczema can be triggered by various factors including allergies, irritants, or genetic predisposition.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Psoriasis: Characterized by well-defined, red, scaly plaques, psoriasis can affect the nipple-areolar complex, leading to itching and discomfort.
    • Seborrheic dermatitis: This condition causes a red, itchy, and flaky rash, often on oily areas of the body, including the nipple.
    • Dermatitis caused by breastfeeding (nipple dermatitis): Irritation from breastfeeding can lead to redness, scaling, and itching of the nipple.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed)
    • Paget's disease of the breast: A rare form of breast cancer that can present with eczema-like changes to the nipple, including redness, scaling, and itching. It is crucial to rule out this condition due to its potential for malignancy.
    • Inflammatory breast cancer: Although rare, this aggressive form of breast cancer can cause skin changes, including redness and scaling, and must be considered in the differential diagnosis.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Contact dermatitis due to allergy (e.g., to nickel in jewelry): While less common, an allergic reaction to certain metals can cause a red, scaly, itchy rash on the nipple.
    • Lichen sclerosis: A rare condition that can cause thinning and scarring of the skin, leading to itching and discomfort in the affected area, including the nipple.
    • Sarcoidosis: A systemic disease that can cause skin lesions, including on the nipple, though this is extremely rare.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.