From the Research
Neither MD (Doctor of Medicine) nor DO (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine) is inherently more prestigious, though MDs have historically enjoyed greater recognition due to their longer establishment in medical practice. Both degrees require similar rigorous education including four years of medical school and residency training, and both allow physicians to practice medicine, prescribe medications, perform surgeries, and specialize in any field. The key difference lies in philosophy: DOs receive additional training in osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) and emphasize a more holistic approach to patient care.
Key Points
- Both MD and DO degrees require similar education and training, including four years of medical school and residency training 1.
- Both types of physicians must pass licensing exams and complete accredited residency programs.
- The merger of MD and DO residency accreditation systems in 2020 further equalized the two paths.
- Patients typically receive equivalent quality care regardless of whether their physician holds an MD or DO degree, and the choice between these paths should reflect a student's preferred educational approach rather than concerns about prestige.
- Some studies suggest that OMT, which is a key component of DO training, can be effective in reducing pain and improving functional status in patients with musculoskeletal disorders, such as low back pain 2, 1.
Considerations
- While some competitive specialties and international medical communities may still show preference for MDs, this distinction is rapidly diminishing in the United States.
- The additional training in OMT received by DOs can provide a unique perspective and approach to patient care, which may be beneficial for certain patients.
- Ultimately, the choice between an MD and DO degree should be based on a student's individual preferences and goals, rather than concerns about prestige.
Evidence
- A 2022 systematic review of osteopathic manipulative treatment found that it can be effective in reducing pain and improving functional status in patients with musculoskeletal disorders, such as low back pain 1.
- A 2016 study published in the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association found that OMT can be effective in reducing pain and improving functional status in patients with low back pain 2.