How do I prepare a 1:1000 epinephrine (adrenaline) dilution?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: November 26, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

How to Prepare 1:1000 Epinephrine

A 1:1000 epinephrine solution is already prepared and requires no dilution—standard epinephrine ampules contain 1 mg/mL, which is by definition a 1:1000 concentration (1 gram per 1000 mL = 1 mg per 1 mL). 1

Understanding the Concentration

  • 1:1000 means 1 gram of epinephrine in 1000 mL of solution, which equals 1 mg per 1 mL 1
  • Standard epinephrine ampules labeled as "1 mg/mL" are already at 1:1000 concentration and are ready to use without any preparation 1
  • No dilution is needed for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration 1

Clinical Applications of 1:1000 Epinephrine

Anaphylaxis Treatment

  • Administer 0.3-0.5 mg (0.3-0.5 mL) intramuscularly for adults 1
  • For children, give 0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) intramuscularly in the anterolateral thigh 2, 1
  • The maximum single dose is 0.5 mg 2
  • Repeat dosing may be required every 5-15 minutes if symptoms persist 2

Other Indications

  • Severe asthma exacerbation: 0.01 mg/kg (maximum 0.3-0.5 mg) subcutaneously, repeated every 20 minutes up to 3 doses 1
  • Croup/laryngotracheobronchitis: 0.5 mL/kg (maximum 5 mL) administered by nebulizer 1

Critical Safety Considerations

Avoiding Dosing Errors

  • Never confuse 1:1000 with 1:10,000 concentration—using 1:1000 intravenously when 1:10,000 is indicated delivers 10 times the intended dose 1
  • Serious adverse events occur when 1:1000 epinephrine is given intravenously instead of the appropriate 1:10,000 solution 2
  • 1:1000 epinephrine is for intramuscular or subcutaneous use only; intravenous administration requires 1:10,000 concentration 2

Creating 1:10,000 Dilution (If Needed for IV Use)

  • Take 1 mL of 1:1000 solution (1 mg) and add 9 mL of normal saline to create 10 mL of 1:10,000 solution (0.1 mg/mL) 1
  • This diluted solution is appropriate for intravenous bolus administration 2

Administration Technique

  • Inject intramuscularly in the anterolateral thigh (vastus lateralis muscle) 2
  • Use a needle of adequate length to reach muscle beneath subcutaneous adipose tissue 2
  • Intramuscular injection provides more rapid increase in plasma and tissue concentrations compared to subcutaneous injection 2

References

Guideline

Preparing and Administering Epinephrine

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.