Differential Diagnosis for 1cm Calcified Granuloma on Lung CT
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Histoplasmosis: This is a common cause of calcified granulomas in the lungs, especially in endemic areas. The presence of a 1cm calcified granuloma is consistent with a healed histoplasmosis infection.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Tuberculosis (TB): Although TB can present with a variety of imaging findings, calcified granulomas can be seen in healed or latent TB. The size and calcification pattern can help differentiate it from other causes.
- Sarcoidosis: While sarcoidosis often presents with multiple nodules or masses, a single calcified granuloma can be seen, especially in the lung parenchyma.
- Silicosis or other occupational lung diseases: These conditions can cause calcified granulomas, especially in individuals with a history of exposure to silica or other harmful substances.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Malignancy (e.g., lung cancer with calcification): Although less common, malignancies can present with calcified lesions. It's crucial to consider this possibility, especially if there are other suspicious features or risk factors.
- Fungal infections (e.g., coccidioidomycosis): Other fungal infections can cause calcified granulomas, and some, like coccidioidomycosis, can be life-threatening if not properly treated.
- Rare diagnoses
- Parasitic infections (e.g., paragonimiasis): Certain parasitic infections can cause calcified granulomas in the lungs, although these are relatively rare in most populations.
- Berylliosis: This rare occupational lung disease can cause granulomatous disease, including calcified granulomas, in individuals exposed to beryllium.
- Rheumatoid nodules: Although more commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, lung nodules can rarely calcify and present as a granuloma.