From the Research
The recommended treatment for a torn MCL typically involves conservative management rather than surgery, with a focus on rest, ice, compression, and elevation, as well as physical therapy to restore range of motion and strengthen the surrounding muscles. This approach is supported by the most recent and highest quality study, which suggests that conservative treatment is effective for most MCL tears, with recovery times varying based on injury severity 1.
Initial Treatment
Initial treatment includes:
- Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE protocol) to reduce pain and swelling
- Temporarily limiting activities that cause pain
- Using crutches for a short period if necessary
- Over-the-counter pain medications like ibuprofen (400-600mg three times daily) or acetaminophen (500-1000mg every 6 hours) to manage pain and inflammation
- A knee brace or hinged brace to provide stability while the ligament heals
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is crucial and typically begins within a few weeks, focusing on:
- Restoring range of motion
- Strengthening the muscles around the knee (particularly the quadriceps and hamstrings)
- Improving stability
Recovery Time
Recovery time varies based on injury severity:
- Grade 1 (mild) tears may heal in 1-2 weeks
- Grade 2 (moderate) tears in 3-4 weeks
- Grade 3 (complete) tears in 8-12 weeks
Surgery
Surgery is rarely needed except in cases with multiple ligament injuries or when the MCL has detached from the bone, as indicated by the study 1. The use of ibuprofen for pain management is also supported by studies, which show that it has a good safety profile and is effective in reducing pain and inflammation 2.