From the Guidelines
For patients with latex allergies or sensitivities, I recommend non-latex condoms made from materials such as polyurethane, polyisoprene, or nitrile. According to the U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010 1, allergy to latex is classified as a Category 3 condition for latex condoms, but this does not apply to plastic condoms/diaphragms. This means that patients with latex allergies can safely use non-latex condoms.
Key Characteristics of Non-Latex Condoms
- Polyurethane condoms are thin, transparent, and conduct heat well, providing good sensation.
- Polyisoprene condoms are stretchier and feel more similar to latex for those who prefer that texture.
- Nitrile condoms are another effective option. These alternatives provide similar pregnancy and STI protection rates to latex condoms when used correctly, as noted in the guidelines 1. It's essential to advise patients that lambskin condoms, while non-allergenic, only protect against pregnancy but not STIs, so they aren't recommended for STI prevention.
Important Considerations
- Patients should be aware that oil-based lubricants can be used with non-latex condoms, unlike with latex condoms where only water-based or silicone lubricants are safe.
- Latex allergies can range from mild skin irritation to severe anaphylactic reactions, making appropriate condom material selection essential for affected patients.
From the Research
Alternatives to Latex Condoms
For patients with an allergy or sensitivity to latex, several alternatives can be suggested:
- Polyurethane condoms, as studied in 2, which may provide a needed alternative to latex condoms
- Other synthetic materials such as vinyl, synthetic polyisoprene, neoprene, nitrile, or block polymers, as mentioned in 3
Key Considerations
When recommending condoms to patients with latex allergy or sensitivity, consider the following:
- The patient's history of latex exposure and allergy symptoms, as emphasized in 4 and 5
- The importance of a thorough medical history to identify potential latex allergies, as highlighted in 4 and 5
- The need for a latex-free environment, as discussed in 6 and 4
Available Options
Some studies suggest that polyurethane condoms may have higher breakage and slippage rates compared to latex condoms, as reported in 2. However, they can still provide equivalent levels of contraceptive protection. It is essential to discuss these options with patients and consider their individual needs and preferences. As noted in 3, synthetic gloves made from materials like polyurethane can be a suitable alternative for patients with latex allergies.